RFID Journal 2025 Reflections: Energous’ Giampaolo Marino

Published: December 16, 2025

What Holiday Retail Reveals About Ambient IoT as the Next Layer of In-Store Visibility

Holiday retail has always moved at high velocity. What’s different now is how much leaner the store floor has become. Many retailers carry only one or two units of each SKU on display, with the rest held in stockrooms or micro-fulfillment areas. The look is modern and uncluttered, but it compresses the margin for error. When so few items are visible at once, gaps appear quickly. A single sale and one misplaced item can remove most of what a shopper sees for a given style. During the holidays, when traffic intensifies and staff attention is stretched, these gaps surface faster and more frequently.

Shoppers often handle several products before making a decision. Items migrate across departments, accumulate in fitting rooms, or get returned to the wrong place. Associates are busy assisting customers and managing checkout lines, leaving fewer opportunities to perform manual checks.

By mid-season, the discrepancy between what systems believe is on the floor and what is actually available can widen to the point where it affects sales and the customer experience.

Why Episodic Tools Struggle During Peak Periods

Existing visibility systems in retail— barcodes, cycle counts, handheld RFID sweeps, and EAS gates— are proven, standardized, and deeply integrated into store operations. But they are also episodic by design. They record facts only when someone scans an item, triggers a gate, or conducts a count. Between those moments, merchandise moves without leaving a trace.

These traditional approaches worked well when stores stocked deep inventories and replenishment cycles had more tolerance. It works far less well when visible stock is minimal, movement is constant, and shoppers expect immediate availability— as they do during the holiday season. A cycle count from midday may be outdated by early afternoon. A fast-moving size curve may shift long before a staff member notices. A mislaid jacket may sit untouched for hours— even though it is in the building and technically “in stock.”

Trying to close these gaps with more labor is neither cost-effective nor scalable, especially during the holidays, when staffing is already stretched. Retailers need a way to maintain real-time accuracy without adding manual work. That’s the strategic role Ambient IoT is beginning to play.

Ambient IoT Built for High-Traffic Seasons

As IoT technologies have evolved, retailers now have access to low-power, battery-free Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) tags that can be placed on apparel, footwear, or accessories to communicate continuously in the background.

BLE tags can draw power from wireless power networks (WPNs) installed in the store, and once energized, they transmit brief packets of information— presence, motion, or basic location indicators— at regular intervals. The data load is intentionally light, but the frequency of communication provides a near-real-time view of how items move. And because the tags are powered wirelessly, there are no batteries to replace, no dead zones to manage, and no interruptions to data flow.

This approach does not replace barcodes or RFID. It complements them by covering the interval between scans. Baseline inventory accuracy still depends on established systems; Ambient IoT adds the heartbeat that reflects how merchandise behaves from moment to moment. During the holidays, that heartbeat becomes the early warning system for emerging trends, shrinking displays, or misplaced items.

A rack of merchandise that begins to thin can be flagged well before it appears empty. If larger sizes begin selling through faster than expected, or if a particular color or design suddenly trends, Ambient IoT can reflect that movement immediately. Rather than discovering the imbalance when key sizes are already gone and slower-moving inventory piles up, retailers can see the trend forming in real time and can adjust before it becomes a problem.

The system gains awareness based on the rhythm of movement, not the rhythm of manual checks.

A New Layer of Intelligence at the Storefront

This continuous awareness is especially valuable at the front of the store. Modern retail aesthetics rely on curated presentations that showcase minimal quantities. The trade-off is that the store must react quickly to maintain the intended look and availability. A single lapse can undermine the entire display.

Ambient IoT allows stores to monitor these areas in a way that reflects real shopper behavior. Items are picked up, carried around, compared against each other, and put back in unexpected places. Traditional systems rarely capture that movement. Lightweight, battery-free tags can. The picture that emerges is a more accurate representation of how the floor is functioning during peak demand.

Some retailers are even exploring hybrid tags that merge existing loss-prevention components with Ambient-IoT-enabled visibility. Integrating these capabilities into a single device allows stores to track movement while maintaining current security workflows. The intent is not to generate exhaustive analytics but to anchor replenishment, recovery, and merchandising decisions to what is actually happening.

A Foundation for the Next Phase of Brick-and-Mortar

Holiday retail exposes operational pressure more quickly, but the underlying trends extend far beyond December. Stores are adopting smaller footprints. Backrooms are increasingly structured like micro-fulfillment hubs. Merchandising teams are refreshing floor sets more frequently. Customers expect immediate product availability, regardless of channel. All of this elevates the importance of real-time awareness.

Ambient IoT fits this trajectory because it delivers continuity without requiring batteries, additional scanning, or complex device management. The model scales naturally to thousands of items and integrates into existing operational frameworks. Instead of redesigning store processes, it strengthens them— allowing retail teams to respond faster, maintain displays with less guesswork, and keep the floor aligned with the pace of demand.

As retail environments continue to evolve, continuous visibility will continue to be a differentiator for physical storefronts. The stores that adopt it early will enter each holiday season with a clearer picture of what is happening on the floor, where attention is needed, and how to maintain the consistency that shoppers expect at the busiest time of year. More importantly, they will carry that advantage into the rest of the calendar year, operating with a level of awareness that matches the complexity and speed of modern brick-and-mortar retail.

About the Author: Giampaolo Marino, Strategy & Business Development, Energous

Giampaolo Marino is Senior Vice President of Strategy & Business Development at Energous, where he is spearheading the company's strategic growth and market expansion efforts in wireless power and Ambient IoT. He brings over two decades of global leadership experience across the semiconductor and IoT industries, with a strong track record of driving innovation, scaling business operations, and forging high-impact partnerships. Marino holds an MBA in Corporate Entrepreneurship, Marketing, and General Management from Babson College’s Franklin W. Olin School of Business, and a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from San Jose State University. He is fluent in Italian and English, with professional proficiency in Portuguese and Spanish.