By Mary Catherine O'Connor
July 8, 2009—Chipmaker
NXP Semiconductors and
Siemens' IT Solutions and Services arm have devised a demonstration project to illustrate the capabilities of
RFID tags complying with the candidate
EPC Gen 2 high-frequency (HF) air-interface standard, as well as to educate RFID systems integrators and other RFID industry stakeholders regarding the benefits and capabilities of the candidate HF standard.
EPCglobal, an RFID industry group working to advance the adoption of RFID technology in the supply chain, has been developing and testing a
protocol for a 13.56 MHz
passive tag for more than two years, and is now close to ratifying the specification. NXP and Siemens are carrying out the project at NXP's Application and System Center (ASC)—formerly known as the RFID Reference Design Center—near Graz, Austria, with the goal of promoting the HF tag standard's capabilities for applications in tracking pharmaceutical products.
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A tag made with the prototype NXP Icode HF RFID chip
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Passive high-
frequency RFID tags have been used for many years for such applications as access control and work-in-process production tracking. The
International Standards Organization (
ISO) has developed a number of RFID standards, such as
ISO 15693 and 14443, that specify air-interface and data-exchange protocols for HF tags. But in the supply chain, companies employing EPC Gen 2
UHF tags for some applications and HF tags for others want to be able to use common features across both types of tags. For example, if businesses store expiry data in the user data section of the EPC Gen 2 UHF tags attached to cardboard cases, they could utilize that same section to store expiry data on the EPC Gen 2 HF tags adhered to sellable units. This common data structure is one of the benefits an EPC HF tag standard will provide (see
Moving Forward on an HF EPC Standard).
In the pharmaceuticals industry, drugmakers are looking to RFID as a means of tracking drug products at the item level, in response to emerging
electronic pedigree regulations. Some firms, including
GlaxoSmithKline and
Pfizer, are already using HF tags compliant with the ISO 15693 standard (see
GlaxoSmithKline Tests RFID on HIV Drug and
Pfizer Using RFID to Fight Fake Viagra). The candidate EPC HF standard is compatible with the 15693 standard, along with other older HF standards, including
ISO 14443 and
ISO 18000-3. This backward
compatibility ensures that end users already employing RFID readers that encode and read tags compliant with these other standards will also be able to utilize those same devices to read the new tags, through
firmware upgrades.
One major difference between existing ISO HF standards and the candidate EPC Gen 2 HF standard is data speed, explains Martin Schatzmayer, who heads the ASC. The EPC candidate allows for simultaneously reading a much larger population of HF tags, he says, compared with ISO standard tags. Using tags containing a prototype NXP Icode HF RFID chip that is compliant with the candidate EPC HF standard, Schatzmayer says, NXP and Siemens will be able to demonstrate the ability to read up to 800 tags at once, per the candidate standard specifications. At present, however, the lab has created a sampling of only 100 tags, so that is the number of tags currently being read in bulk. Still, he notes, interrogating 100 HF tags simultaneously is a step up from what is capable with HF tags compliant with older ISO standards.
"It's a bit hard to find comparable numbers," Schatzmayer says, "because it is dependent on the application. But my guess would be that you could
read only about 60 [ISO standard HF tags] at once in a comparable environment."