For approximately four weeks, beginning in December 2008, each shipping container was equipped with an
NTT Laboratories 433 MHz active
RFID e-seal. Passive
EPC Gen 2 UHF RFID tags provided by
Toppan Printing were attached to cases of
printer cartridges loaded on pallets, and then into shipping containers at Canon's factory warehouse near Tokyo, destined for Canon Europe's DC near Amsterdam. Each case contained 18 to 36 printer cartridges, with 72 to 216 cases loaded on every pallet. Approximately 44 to 52 pallets were loaded into each 40-foot container. E-seals were attached to the door of each container, providing a physical lock, as well as transmitting to RFID interrogators along the supply chain. During the test, the TLS group shipped about 10 shipments per week, with a total of 39 containers shipped.
The EPC Gen 2 UHF RFID tags were
read at Canon's Japanese warehouse as the cases and pallets were loaded into the containers. The containers were then secured with e-seals, which were read by an RFID
interrogator when commissioned, then again as they left the gate on trucks. Upon entering the Tokyo Port's container yard, the RFID seals were scanned several times by fixed interrogators as they moved through the yard, as well as through customs, before the containers were loaded on a vessel bound on a 26-day journey to the Amsterdam Port. There, the Amsterdam container terminal also used fixed readers to scan the tags on arriving containers as they passed through Dutch customs, and before they were trucked to the distribution center. At the DC, the seals were read once more and opened before the containers were unloaded. The EPC Gen 2 RFID tags were then interrogated as the pallets and cases were removed, and the empty containers returned again by sea, via the two ports.
Throughout the containers' movement, data read from the RFID seals was stored on the EPCIS database and made accessible via a password-enabled Web-based application to all supply chain partners, as well as to customs authorities in Japan and Holland. Authorized users included the manufacturer, logistics providers, ocean carrier, customs officials, terminal operators, van pool operators and shipment consignee.
Additionally, active participants supporting the Transportation and Logistics 3 Pilot Program were the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry of Japan—which helped fund the project—the port authorities of Amsterdam and Tokyo, and GS1 member organizations from Germany, Japan and the Netherlands. The customs agencies of Japan and the Netherlands were official observers of the pilot program, Van der Spiegel says.
With all three phases of the pilot, Ishizawa notes, the focus was on assessing the practicality of employing active RFID seals, as well as the EPCIS, to share data among the logistics providers, shippers and customs at Amsterdam and Tokyo. Ishizawa presented a description of the third phase at
RFID Journal LIVE! 2009, held last week in Orlando, Fla. The next step, he says, is a Transportation and Logistics
Phase 4 Pilot Program, which members of the GS1
EPCglobal TLS Industry Action Group are currently preparing. "We have not yet done rail," he states, adding that such might be the focus of one future pilot project.