Machine-to-Machine (M2M) and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

Single user: $995 Company license: $2,495 Overview

Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications and radio frequency identification (RFID) together represent a means of direct communication between connection hardware and the object that needs monitoring: the information about its status of performance is directly sent to a computer system without the need for human intervention. This makes automation of processes or consumer action possible.

The technology that utilized originates largely in the manufacturing and industrial processes industry, where physical assets networking have been done for decades. The goal of M2M-RFID is exactly as of a plant-floor automation systems or remote-monitoring solutions: it evolves getting information from sensors in a device and transmitting it to an IT network.

This report evaluates the working aspects of M2M along with the details of RFID, provides deep insights into telecommunication technologies, reviews the latest developments within M2M, and provides further analysis through in-depth case study examples. The report includes a listing of recent M&A activity.

The report includes:

• M2M Standards for RFID
• Security issues for M2M RFID
• Explanation of Risk & Security Analysis
• An evaluation of the available Technologies and its Products
• An overview of the applications of RFID
• Evaluation of RFID application in Healthcare, Defense, etc
• Information about M2M Companies and Takeovers
• A detailed explanation and evaluation techniques of Fault Analysis
• A brief evaluation of an M2M Telecom Company
• Assessment of technology used in many real life case studies
• Future and Roadmap of M2M with special focus on RFID
• RFID Company analysis in Europe, Asia and United States

Additional material with the Second Edition of this report includes:

• M2M in Healthcare
• Additional Case Studies
• Smart Homes and Smart Metering
• Roadmap of M2M with special focus on RFID Beyond 2012
• M2M advances including a focus on 4G, Micro, Pico, and Femto
• RFID Company analysis in Europe, Asia and United States

Target Audience

• This is a must-have resource for anyone engaged in business or technology planning and engineering involving M2M
• Investors, analysts, and consultants in the M2M industry will find that this report provides all they need to know about M2M
• RFID hardware, software, and solution vendors and related professional services companies
• Managed services providers, outsourced RFID solutions and application providers, and RFID service bureau operators
• Personnel responsible for automating Supply Chain Management (SCM), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP), Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and other business processes
• Healthcare management personnel responsible for tracking patients, staff personnel, equipment, inventory, and other critical resources
• Retailers and personnel responsible for merchandise inventory and ordering processes, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Merchandise tracking and fraud prevention
• Providers of value-added applications and services such as metering, telemetry, telematics, and sensor applications, inventory control and tracking such as merchandise control, asset tracking and recovery such as computing equipment monitoring, tracking parts moving through a manufacturing process, tracking goods in a supply chain, and payment systems
• RFID and/or M2M Hardware Manufacturing companies
• Companies interested in optimizing their RFID and/or M2M business process strategies
• Venture Capitalist and Startup companies interested in funding RFID and/or M2M companies

Table of Contents

Introduction

M2M Evolution   11

RFID in a Nutshell  12

M2M - Telecommunications 

Wireless Service Technology and Protocols 

The Technologies 

• GPRS (General Purpose Radio Service) 23
• 1xRTT or CDMA2000  23
• iDEN Packet 24
• Advantages of SMS  27
• Interactive Two-Way  27
• Simultaneous Transmission with Voice  27
• Confirmation of Delivery  27
• Store and Forward Method  27
• Use Of Phone Number As The Address  28
• High Degree of Encryption  28
• Transmission At Higher Power Than The Voice Channel 28
• Analog Control Channel 28

Wireless Technology Recommendation for M2M   

• GSM-SMS and GPRS  30
• CDMA-1xRTT   30
• iDEN Packet  30
• Technology Strategy of M2M    31
• Hardware Budget 31
• Scope of Deployment-Domestic or International 31
• Ease of Creating the Application  32
• Wireless Service Options  32
• Wireless Access Costs  32
• Further Technology Considerations  32
• Back-end Server Technology  34
• Gateway to Wireless Carrier or Service Provider  34
• Delivery of SMS to the Internet 35
• Applications of M2M    39
• RFID - A Brief Outlook   40
• Types of RFID Systems  42
• Types of Tags  42
• Passive Tags  42
• Semi Passive RFID Tags  42
• Active RFID Tags  43
• Active Tags with Sensors/GPS  43
• Application Field  43
• Difference between Active and Passive RFID   45
• RFID Comparison Matrix  46

M2M Standards for RFID  

• Standardization Organizations and Processes  48
• Basic Organizations  48
• Standard development organizations  49
• Commercial organization  50
• Standardization Business Models  51
• Standardization of the Radio Frequency Spectrum   53
• Low Frequency Band  54
• Short Wave Band  54
• High Frequency Band  55
• UHF Band  56
• Microwave Frequency Band 2.45 GHz  57
• Radar& HIPERLAN Frequency Band  58
• Standards and Inter-Operability Issues  59
• Recent Trends and Issues  60
• Company Takeovers  62
• Security Issues  64
• Types of Attacks  64
• Spoofing Attacks  65
• Insert 65
• Replay Attack  66
• Flood Attack  66
• Un-authorized Tag Data Manipulation  66
• Middleware Issues  67
• Backend Database Corruption  68
• Blended Attacks  68
• Man in the Middle Attack  68
• Fraud at Chip Level 69
• M2M Risk and Security Management  71
• M2M Risk Analysis  72
• System Security & System Policies  74
• Risk & Attack Management 75

M2M RFID Applications 

• M2M RFID in Healthcare  78
• RFID on  Humans  80
• Other Applications  82
• Advanced M2M Applications  88
• M2M Monitoring - Passport  90
• M2M - Smart Appliances  92
• M2M in Personalization   93
• M2M RFID Next Generation   94
• Tomorrows RFID Technology   94
• Tags  95
• Readers  97
• System Technology  98
• RFID Deployment Fault Analysis  99
• Basics of RFID Deployment Monitoring Principles  100
• Efficiency Monitoring   103
• Tag Read Error  103
• Standard Monitoring Procedure  106
• M2M Company Analysis  108
• Product and Services  109
• Mobile Solutions  109
• Key Features & Benefits:110
• Elephant Talk M2M Value Proposition  110
• Key Features & Benefits:112
• Two Stage Dialing  114
• Key Features & Benefits:114
• Additional Services and Offerings  115
• Methodology  115
• Research & Development and Engineering  116
• Quality Assurance  116

M2M Case Studies 

• RFID Implementation at Rittal  117
• Client Details  117
• Issue  117
• Solution Provider  117
• Briefs  118
• Asset Tracking at US Air Force Base  119
• Client Details  119
• Issue  119
• Solution Provider  119
• Briefs  119
• RFID at the Department of Energy - US  121
• Client Details  121
• Issue  121
• Solution Provider  121
• Briefs  121
• Item Tracking at Fairmont Pacific Rim Hotel  127
• Client Details  127
• Issue  127
• Solution Provider  127
• Briefs  127
• Mississippi Blood Services Banks on RFID   130
• Client Details  130
• Issue  130
• Solution Provider  130
• Briefs  130
• RFID implementation at Special Olympics, US  135
• Client Details  135
• Issue  135
• Solution Provider  136
• Briefs  136
• Vehicular Collision Prevention at Australian Mine  139
• Client Details  139
• Issue  139
• Solution Provider  139
• Briefs  139
• RFID in Fashion   145
• Client Details  145
• Issue  145
• Briefs  145
• German Publisher Adoption of RFID   149
• Solution Provider  149
• Briefs  149
• Palette Tracking in Japan   153
• Solution Provider  153
• Briefs  153

Future & Roadmap  

• M2M adoption with time  158
• Pre 2000 Segment158
• 2000 - Mobile and Telecommunication  159
• 2003 - Inventory Monitoring and Tracking  159
• 2005 - HealthCare and Medical160
• 2007 - Defense and Homeland Security  160
• 2010 - Now   161
• 2010 and Beyond  161
• Growth Factors of M2M from 2010 and Beyond  162
• Telecommunication  163
• M2M Wireless and Consumer Products  164
• Asset Tracking and other M2M RFID Applications  165
• M2M & RFID Company Analysis  167
• RFID Companies in Europe  167
• RFID Companies in Asia/Asia Pacific  184
• RFID Companies in the United States of America   195
• Conclusion   208
   
  Table of Figures
  
  

Figure 1. M2M and its components  10

Figure 2. M2M and Telecommunication components  14

Figure 3. Schematic of Field Deployed Unit  15

Figure 4. Functional Segments of an Interface Board   16

Figure 5. Block Diagram of a Processor Module  18

Figure 6. Components of the Architecture  18

Figure 7. Wireless Service Protocols for Telecommunication   19

Figure 8. Technology Perspective  21

Figure 9. Standards and their components  22

Figure 10. Standards vs Bearers comparison   23

Figure 11. Advantages of 3G   24

Figure 12. Advantages of SMS  26

Figure 13. Technology Strategy of M2M    31

Figure 14. Typical M2M server integration to a 3G Network  35

Figure 15. Back-end Server Functions  36

Figure 16 . Frequency Bands  53

Figure 17. Advanced M2M Application Schematic  88

Figure 18. Schematic of a Smart Device  92

Figure 19. A schematic of the Smart Refrigerator  92

Figure 20. Mobile Solutions  110

Figure 21. M2M solution components  112

Figure 22. M2M Application Examples  113

Figure 23. Location Based Service  114

Figure 24. Additional Services  115

Figure 25. Growth of M2M    162

Figure 26. M2M and Telecommunications  163

Figure 27. Stats and Components  163

Figure 28. M2M Wireless and Consumer Products  164
 
List of Tables

Table 1. Applications of M2M... 39
Table 2. Differences between RFID Types... 45
Table 3. RFID Comparison Matrix... 46
Table 4. Growth Prediction Table...165
Table 5. M2M - 2010 and Beyond... 166

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Sanjay Chatterjee is an expert in ZigBee and Active RFID systems. He has developed Tracking solutions, Message Communication systems, Sensor Networks for environment sensing using ZigBee. He has successfully developed a rapidly deployable, self configurable, self healing Tracking System with Active RFID along with the GUI, and a handheld based active RFID reader/writer using the ZigBee protocol and transceiver.

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